Professor Martin Cryan
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Professor of Applied Electromagnetics and Photonics |
Address: Tel.: |
My main area of interest is nanophotonics, this is the study of light at the nanometre scale. Over the past few decades people have realised that nanoscale structuring of the geometry of a material can dramatically affect the way light interacts with the material. I want to apply these ideas to energy and sensor applications. The prime example of this is the Photonic Crystal(PhC), typically a PhC refers to a 2D or 3D periodic variation in the refractive index of the material often created by etching holes in a optically transparent material. With the correct design of hole spacing and diameter a Photonic Band Gap can be created which prevents propagation through otherwise transparent materials. I'm interested in creating high Q resonant cavities and waveguides using PhCs for use in fluorescence based sensors.
Photonic Crystals are sometimes classified as being part of a larger class known as Metamaterials (MMs). MMs are typically periodic structures with a period much smaller than a guided wavelength which gives rise to an effective material with unusual properties such as negative refraction. These materials can be used in sensors, integrated lenses and optical trapping.
My research career began in microwave and millimetrewave engineering, my PhD was in GaAs microwave integrated circuits. I worked on microwave antennas for a number of years and am now interested in applying these ideas to optical devices in what are known as Nanoantennas, or Optical antennas. This area is sometimes termed Plasmonics since metals are often used here which can support surface plasmons and can result in significantly different performance in nanoscale antennas when compared to their RF counterparts.
Me trying to explain Photonic Crystals during my recent Inaugural lecture
1D,2D and 3D microwave "photonic" crystals I made for use in my inaugural lecture : 1 and 2D ones worked really well around 5GHz, 3D one : more work needed !
Research Interests
- Nanophotonics
- Photonic Crystal-based Photonic Integrated Circuits
- Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) modelling of Photonic Crystal Devices
- Plasmonics and Nanoantennas
- Advanced FDTD Methods (Lumped Element, Hydrid)
- Nanofabrication using Focused Ion Beam etching
- Solar Cells
- LEDs
- Nanosensors
- Microwave Photonics
Motto : Nullius in verba (Take nobody's word for it) from the founders of the Royal Society
News
- I gave my Inaugural Lecture : "Juggling Photons and Electrons : Light Entertainment for Electrical Enigneers". Some pictures here
- I have recently published a series of papers[1,2,4,7,9,10] on MetaSurfaces for use in Energy and Sensing applications
- In April 2013 I obtained an EPSRC grant to study novel solar cells based on thermionic generation of electrons
- In 2012 I obtained an EPSRC grant to develop Tunable Flat Lenses (TuneFuL)
- We presented some of our work at CLEO 2012 :
Recent Publications
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- T.Cao, L. Zhang, R.E.Simpson and M.J.Cryan, “Mid Infrared Tunable Polarization-Independent Perfect Absorber Using A Phase-Change Metamaterial”, JOSA B accepted April 2013
- T.Cao , R.E.Simpson and M.J. Cryan, “Study of tunable negative index metamaterials based on phase-change material”, J. Optical Society of America B, Vol. 30, Issue 2, pp. 439-444 (2013)http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.30.000439 [Made Top Download List for Feb&March 2013]
- J.R.Pugh, A.Silva, J.Stokes, C.D.Stacey, G.R.Nash, J.G. Rarity, I.Lindsay, and M.J. Cryan, “Bandwidth of Focusing in Gold Flat Lenses in the Mid-Infrared”, IET Micro & Nano Letters, Vol. 7, no.11, Nov. 2012, pp. 1105 – 1107
- T.Cao, L.Zhang, M.J.Cryan, “Optical Forces in Metal/Dielectric/Metal Fishnet Metamaterials in the Visible Wavelength Regime”, IEEE Journal of Photonics, Vol. 4, Iss. 5,Oct 2012, pp 1861 – 1869 (http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=6317214&tag=1)
- A.C. T. Thijssen, M.J. Cryan, J. G. Rarity, and R. Oulton, “Transfer of arbitrary quantum emitter states to near-field photon superpositions in nanocavities”, Optics Express Vol. 20, Issue 20, pp. 22412-22428 (2012) (http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.022412)
- N.Ahmad, J.Stokes, N.A.Fox, M.Teng and M.J.Cryan, “Ultra-Thin Metal Films for Enhanced Solar Absorption”, Nano Energy (Elsevier) Accepted August 2012
- T. Cao and M. J. Cryan, “Enhancement of circular dichroism by a planar non-chiral magnetic metamaterial”, Journal of Optics, IOP, Accepted 2012
- P. Ivanov, Y-L D Ho, M.J. Cryan, P. Heard, D. Snoswell and J.M. Rorison, “Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with incorporated photonic crystals for transverse mode control”, Semiconductor Science and Technology, Accepted July 2012.
- T. Cao and M. J. Cryan, “Modeling Of Optical Trapping Using Double Negative Index Fishnet Metamaterials”, Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 129, page 33-49, 2012
- T. Cao and M. J. Cryan, “Circular Dichroism in Planar Non-chiral Metamaterial Made of Elliptical Nanoholes Array”, Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, 2012
- E. Engin, J.L. O'Brien and M.J.Cryan, Design and Analysis of a Gallium Nitride-on-Sapphire Tunable Photonic Crystal Directional Coupler, J.Optical Society of America B, Vol. 29, No. 5 May 2012
- B.A. Khawaja and M.J.Cryan, “Millimetrewave Photonic Active Integrated Antennas Using Hybrid Mode-Locked Lasers”, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 54, No. 5, May 2012
- G. R. Nash, J. L. Stokes, J. R. Pugh, and S. J. B. Przeslak, P. J. Heard, J. G. Rarity and M. J. Cryan “Single Lateral Mode Mid-Infrared Laser Diode using Sub-Wavelength Modulation of the Facet Reflectivity”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 011103 (Jan 2012)
- T. Cao and M. J. Cryan, “Study of incident angle dependence for dual band double negative index material using elliptical nanohole arrays” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, Vol. 29, No. 3 March 2012 pp209-215
- Y. Zhang, L. McKnight, E. Engin, Ian M Watson, M.J.Cryan, E.Gu, M.Thompson, S.Calvez, J.L. O'Brien, and M. D. Dawson, “GaN directional couplers for integrated quantum photonics”, Applied Physics Letters, Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 161119 (2011); doi:10.1063/1.3656073, Oct 2011
- Y.-L. D. Ho, P.S. Ivanov, E. Engin, M. F. J. Nicol, M. P. C. Taverne, C.Y. Hu, M. J. Cryan, I. J. Craddock, C.J. Railton, and J.G. Rarity “FDTD Simulation of Inverse Three-Dimensional Face-centered Cubic Photonic Crystal Cavities”, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, Vol 47, Iss. 12 pp1480-1492, Dec 2011
- 12. P.S. Ivanov, P.J. Heard, Y.-L. D. Ho, M.J. Cryan, and J.M. Rorison “Comparative Study of Mode Control in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers with Photonic Crystal and Micropillar Etching”, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, Vol. 47, Iss. 9, pp1257-1265, Sept 2011
- V.Sittakul, L.R.Clare, S.G.Burrow, X.C.Li and M.J.Cryan, “Power-over-Fibre for Wireless Applications”, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Volume 53, Issue 5, pages 1027–1032, May 2011
- B.A. Khawaja and M.J.Cryan, “Millimetre-wave radio-over-fibre data transmission over multimode fibre”, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Volume 53, Issue 2, pages 254–256, February 2011
- . B.A. Khawaja and M.J.Cryan, “A Millimetre Wave Self-Oscillating Mixer Using A Mode Locked Laser”, IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology/Microwave Theory and Techniques Special Issue, vol. 58 (2), no 11 pp. 3352-3358, Nov 2010
- V.Sittakul and M.J.Cryan, “A Modular Wireless-over-Fibre (WoF) System using Photonic Active Integrated Antennas (PhAIAs)”, International Journal Of Microwave And Optical Technology, Vol.5, No.2, March 2010
- I. J. Buss, G. R. Nash J. G. Rarity and M. J. Cryan, “Finite-Difference Time-Domain Modelling of Periodic and Disordered Surface Gratings in AlInSb Light Emitting Diodes with Metallic Back-Reflectors,” IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol 28, No 8, 2010 pp1190-1200 (50%)
- M.J.Cryan, “On modelling of losses in short length photonic crystal waveguides”, IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 27, No. 21, November 1, 2009, pp4841-4847
- P. Ivanov, Y.-L. D. Ho, D. Snoswell, N. Elsner, and B. Vincent, C. Bower, J. G. Rarity, and M.J. Cryan, “Lattice Constant Tuning and Disorder Effects in 3D Colloidal Photonic Crystals”, IEEE Journal of Display Technology, in press August 2009
- V.Sittakul and M.J.Cryan, “A 2.4-GHz Wireless-over-Fibre System Using Photonic Active Integrated Antennas (PhAIAs) and Lossless Matching Circuits”, IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 27, No. 14, July 15, 2009, pp2734-2731.
- V.Sittakul and M.J.Cryan, “A Comparison of Single Mode and Multimode Fibre links for use in Wireless-Over-Fibre Systems”, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters Volume 51, Issue 6, March 2009, pp1445 – 1449
- T.Cao, Y.-L.D.Ho, P.J.Heard, L.P.Barry, A.E.Kelly and M.J. Cryan, “Fabrication and Measurement of a Photonic Crystal Waveguide Integrated with a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier”, Journal of the Optical Society of America B, Vol. 26, No. 4, April 2009, pp768-777
- J R Pugh, Y.-L. D. Ho, P. J. Heard, G. R. Nash, T. Ashley, J. G. Rarity and M. J. Cryan, “Design and fabrication of a midinfrared photonic crystal defect cavity in indium antimonide” J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt 11 (2009) 054006.
Current Research Students
Jamie Stokes, Nikolai Hueting, Nathan Ahmad, Chris Gamlath,, Chenglong(Michael) Wan, Neciah Dorh
Graduated Research Students
Erman Engin, Jon Pugh, Suzie Prsezlak, Bilal Khawaja, Ian Buss, Alberto Politi, Vitawat Sittakul, Kumar Balasubramanian, Tun Cao, Daniel Ho, Dorleta Cortaberria-Sanz, Matthew Hill
Current Post Docs
Jon Pugh, Ke Wang
PhD Vacancies
- Optical nanoantennas for bio and chemical sensors
2. Nanostructured surfaces for solar cells
3. Photonic crystals for bio and chemical sensors
Post Doc Vacancies
1. I have a 2.5 year position coming available soon in Solar thermal and Solar thermionics, PhD and experience in one or more of : EM modelling, nano/microfabrication, plasmonics, thermal IR devices, solar thermal tehcnology required.
View Dr Martin Cryan's publications
Current Funding
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Award |
Project Title |
|---|---|
| ABB Ltd | Feasibility Study for A Nanoantenna Array Enhanced Fluorescence Sensor For Water Monitoring |
| EPSRC | Beta-enhanced thermionic energy converters and nuclear batteries employing nanostructured diamond electrodes (EP/K030302/1) |
| EPSRC | Integrated Tunable Flat Lenses (TuneFuL) (EP/J01303X/1) |
| UoB | 3D Printed Plastic Optoelectronics |
| EPSRC-DTA PhD |
Gallium Nitride Photonic Crystals for Nanobiosensors |
| CASE Award |
QinetiQ - Mid IR Plasmonic Lasers |
| CASE Award |
Optically Controlled Microwave Circuits and Antennas |
| EPSRC-DTA PhD | Nanostructured Surfaces for Solar Thermal Applications |
| UoB Scholarship PhD | Nanoantenna Arrays for Enhanced Fluorescence Sensors |
| PhD | Nanostructured Surfaces for Solar Thermal Applications |
Past Funding
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Award |
Project Title |
|---|---|
| EPSRC | Integrated Laser Induced Fluorescence System Using Photonic Crystal Cavities EP/G011664/1 |
| CASE Awards | Smart Optics – Qinetqi : Mid-Infra Red LEDs for gas sensing and communications ICASE - QinetiQ : Mid-Infra Red Lasers for gas sensing and communications |
| Overseas PhD Scholarships | Wireless-over-fibre systems 60GHz Radio-over-fibre systems |
| Internal Pump Priming Award | 60GHz Radio-over-Fibre Systems |
| DTI - Kodak | Electronically Tunable Photonic Crystals |
| Ultrafast Photonics Collaboration IRC | PhD Studentship: Modelling of Photonic Crystal Waveguide |
Teaching Areas
Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, MSc and MEng
Advanced Optoelectronic Devices MSc
Electronics 2
Communications MSc Programme Director
Attempting to play my electric guitar to show acoustic cavity resonance
Using an audio spectrum analyser to show fundamental and higher order resonant modes of a guitar string
Myself and Chris Gamlath measuring a 1D PBG on a microwave Vector Network Analyser
(Thanks very much to Chris for all his help !)