It is not widely recognised that Joseph William Mallard Turner (1775 - 1851) was one of the founding fathers of experimental psychology*.  However, the subject matter of his paintings was largely dictated due to his interest in exploring the links between visual psychophysics and neurophysiology.

Grant Wood was fascinated by the ultrastructure of the nervous system.  Working mainly in the 1930s, he led the field with his studies of cell types in the hippocampus*. His accompanying interest in art led him to produce some intriguing designs.

Sleeping Beauty made significant discoveries in human neuroscience, at a time when female scientists were even more of a rarity than they are today.  Her special interests were in electrophysiology and the development of electrophysiological apparatus*.