When exposed to noise, three-spined sticklebacks made more foraging errors whereas European minnows tended to socially interact more often with their companion fish or to reduce activity.

Lead author Dr Irene Voellmy, from Bristol's School of Biological Sciences, and colleagues used controlled laboratory experiments to investigate how the foraging behaviour of sticklebacks and minnows change in response to playbacks of ship noise.  Such noise is one of the most common human-generated sounds in aquatic environments and its potentially detrimental effects are of growing concern.

In the real world, decreased overall food intake in response to noise could impair growth rates, survival and breeding success.  Fish may invest more time in foraging to compensate which could increase their risk of being eaten by predators and also reduce time available for other activities.  Moreover, fish making more foraging errors when exposed to noise may risk poisoning which would further impact on their fitness and survival.

Dr Voellmy said: "Since sticklebacks and minnows showed different responses to noise, this study indicates that fish species may be differently affected with potential consequences for population and species community levels."

The research is published in Animal Behaviour. 

Paper

'Acoustic noise reduces foraging success in two sympatric fish species via different mechanisms' by Irene K. Voellmy, Julia Purser, Douglas Flynn, Philippa Kennedy, Stephen D. Simpson and Andrew N. Radford in Animal Behaviour

Funding

This study was part of Dr Irene Voellmy’s PhD thesis, completed in November 2013.  The study was funded by Defra, the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), a University of Bristol Centenary Scholarship given to Irene Voellmy, and Basler Stiftung für Biologische Forschung.